Human Trafficking in India and China
“Silent Sunlight”. Source: Pezibear, 2016.
Human trafficking is a serious problem in China and India. There is no updated data from either country to inform people on the current situations. People should understand that even though there is no clear data, these problems still exist.
Statistics |
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| International | Around 24.9 million people are victims of human trafficking. Of these, 16 million were exploited for labor, 4.8 million were exploited sexually, and 4.1 million were exploited in state-imposed forced labor. The Asia-pacific region accounts for most of the victims, 62% of the world total. |
| China | In 2016, China reported 1,004 trafficking cases investigated and 1,756 out of 2,036 traffickers convicted (US Dept. of State). In 2016, investigated cases, suspects arrested and criminal convictions were all lower than reported in 2015, which reported 1,414 cases investigated and 1,932 out of 2,076 suspects convicted (US Dept. of State). In 2016, there were 2,137 prosecutions, 1,953 convictions, and the identification of 9,989 victims occurred in East Asia and the Pacific. |
| India | In 2015, India convicted 815 out of 2,387 traffickers, for a conviction rate of 35% (US Dept. of State). However, in 2016, India convicted 163 out of 5,217 traffickers, for a tremendously reduced conviction rate of 3% (UNODC). In 2019, one non-government organization (NGO) in India reported that only 29 out of 537 victims, a mere 5%, successfully removed from bonded labor received certificates (US Dept. of State). In 2016, there were 6,297 prosecutions, 2,193 convictions, and the identification of 14,706 victims occurred in South and Central Asia. |
In 2015 and 2016, China ranked in between Tier 2 and Tier 3. From 2017 on, China dropped to Tier 3. Data: United States Department of State, 2019. Graph: Katherine Wang, 2020.
Since 2015, India has constantly remained on Tier 2. Data: United States Department of State, 2019. Graph: Katherine Wang, 2020.
China has not provided updated data on trafficking since 2016. No data implies that the numbers from 2017 to present are higher due to government corruption. Data: United States Department of State, 2017, 2019. Graph: Katherine Wang, 2020.
India has not provided updated data on trafficking since 2016. No data implies that the numbers from 2017 to present are higher due to government corruption. Data: United States Department of State, 2017. Graph: Katherine Wang, 2020.
Organizations |
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| International | The National Human Trafficking Hotline connects victims and survivors of sex and labor trafficking with services and supports to get help and stay safe. The National Hotline also receives tips about potential situations of sex and labor trafficking and facilitates reporting that information to the appropriate authorities in certain cases (National Human Trafficking Hotline). |
| China | The project is a partnership between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the All-China Women’s Federation (ACWF), with the goal of reducing trafficking for labour exploitation through the promotion of labour rights of women and children in China (ILO). |
| India | Prajwala is a non-proft NGO, pioneering anti-trafficking organization working on the issue of sex trafficking and sex crime. Established in the year 1996 in South India, Prajwala has pan India and International operations. Prajwala works on the five pillars of Prevention, Protection, Rescue, Rehabilitation & Reintegration. |
Hotlines
National Human Trafficking Hotline via call: +1-888-373-7888
National Human Trafficking Hotline via text: 233733
Research Paper by Katherine Wang
Wang, Katherine-Human Trafficking-The Drastic Problem in China and India_10-Feb-2020.pdf
References
“About Prajwala.” Prajwala, 2020, http://www.prajwalaindia.com, Accessed 12 Mar 2020.
“Get Help.” National Human Trafficking Hotline, 2020, https://humantraffickinghotline.org/get-help, Accessed 12 Mar 2020.
“Human Trafficking by the Numbers.” Human Rights First, 7 Jan 2017, https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/resource/human-trafficking-numbers, Accessed 8 June 2020.
“National Hotline Overview.” National Human Trafficking Hotline, 2020, https://humantraffickinghotline.org/national-hotline-overview, Accessed 12 Mar 2020.
“Preventing Trafficking for Labour Exploitation in China.” International Labour Organization, 2012, https://www.ilo.org/beijing/what-we-do/projects/WCMS_140678/lang--en/index.htm, Accessed 12 Mar 2020.
“Zero Traffick: Eliminating Sex Trafficking in India.” Dasra, Mar 2014, https://www.dasra.org/resource/eradicating-sex-trafficking, Accessed 12 Mar 2020.
